Ph.D., Purdue University (1995)
Postdoctoral, National Institutes of Health (1995-2000)
Biochemistry
Additional research areas: Molecular Biology, Structural Biochemistry (Biology), Three-dimensional Electron Microscopy, Virology
I am interested in the structure, function, assembly, and disassembly of viruses and cellular macromolecules. I am particularly interested in using structural techniques to understand virus cell entry (poliovirus) and viral evolution (papovaviruses). My primary research tool is cryoelectron microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction (cryoEM). I also have an interest in improving cryoEM techniques. Click here to read more.
Research Group
Johne, R., Otto, P., Roth, B., Löhrend, U., Belnap, D., Reetza, J., Trojnar, E. (2011). Sequence analysis of the VP6-encoding genome segment of avian group F and G rotaviruses. Virology, in press.
Shen, P.S., Enderlein, D., Nelson, C.D.S., Carter, W.S., Kawano, M., Xing, L., Swenson, R.D., Olson, N.H., Baker, T.S., Cheng, R.H., Atwood, W.J., Johne, R., Belnap, D.M. (2011). The structure of avian polyomavirus reveals variably sized capsids, non-conserved inter-capsomere interactions, and a possible location of the minor capsid protein VP4. Virology, 411, 142-152.
Sanz-García, E., Stewart, A. B., and Belnap, D. M. (2010). The random-model method enables ab initio three-dimensional reconstruction of asymmetric particles and determination of particle symmetry. J. Struct. Biol. 171, 216-222.
Hamblin, M. N., Xuan, J., Maynes, D. R., Tolley, H. D., Belnap, D. M., Woolley, A. T., Lee, M. L., and Hawkins, A. R. (2010) Selective trapping and concentration of nanoparticles and viruses in dual-height nanofluidic channels. Lab Chip 10, 173-178.
Budzinski, K. L., Allen, R. W., Fujimoto, B. S., Kensel-Hammes, P., Belnap, D. M., Bajjalieh, S. M., and Chiu, D. T. (2009) Large structural change in isolated synaptic vesicles upon loading with neurotransmitter. Biophys. J., 97, 2577-2584.
Thomas, J. A., Rolando, M. R., Carroll, C. A., Shen, P. S., Belnap, D. M., Weintraub, S. T., Serwer, P., and Hardies, S. C. (2008) Characterization of Pseudomonas chlororaphis myovirus 201f2-1 via genomic sequencing, mass spectrometry, and electron microscopy. Virology, 376, 330-338.
Steven, A. C. and Belnap, D. M. (2008) Cryo-electron microscopy in the era of structural proteomics. In Structural Proteomics and Its Impact on the Life Sciences, J. L. Sussman and I. Silman (ed.), World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, 269-306.
Heymann, J. B. and Belnap, D. M.. (2007) Bsoft: image processing and molecular modeling for electron microscopy. J. Struct. Biol., 157, 3-18.
Heymann, J. B., Chagoyen, M., and Belnap, D. M.. (2005) Common conventions for interchange and archiving of three-dimensional electron microscopy information in structural biology. J. Struct. Biol. 151, 196-207; corrigendum (2006): 153, 312.
Bubeck, D., Filman, D. J., Cheng, N., Steven, A. C., Hogle, J. M., & Belnap, D. M. (2005) The structure of the poliovirus 135S cell entry intermediate at 10-Angstrom resolution reveals the location of an externalized polypeptide that binds to membranes. J. Virol. 79, 7745-7755.
Grünewald, K., Desai, P., Winkler, D. C., Heymann, J. B., Belnap, D. M., Baumeister, W., & Steven, A. C. (2003) Three-dimensional structure of Herpes Simplex Virus from cryo-electron tomography. Science, 302, 1396-1398.
Belnap, D. M., Watts, N. R., Conway, J. F., Cheng, N., Stahl, S. J., Wingfield, P. T., and Steven, A. C. (2003) Diversity of core antigen epitopes of hepatitis B virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 100, 10884-10889.
Belnap, D. M. and Steven, A. C. (2000) 'Déjà vu all over again': the similar structures of bacteriophage PRD1 and adenovirus. Trends in Microbiology, 8, 91-93.
Belnap, D. M., Filman, D. J., Trus, B. L., Cheng, N., Booy, F. P., Conway, J. F., Curry, S., Hiremath, C. N., Tsang, S. K., Steven, A. C., and Hogle, J. M. (2000). Molecular tectonic model of virus structural transitions: the putative cellentry states of poliovirus. J. Virol. 74, 1342-1354.
Belnap, D. M., McDermott, B. M., Filman, D. J., Cheng, N., Trus, B. L., Zuccola, H. J., Racaniello, V. R., Hogle, J. M., and Steven, A. C. (2000) Three-dimensional structure of poliovirus receptor bound to poliovirus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 73-78.
Beuron, F., Maurizi, M. R., Belnap, D. M., Kocsis, E., Booy, F. P., Kessel, M., and Steven, A. C. (1998). At sixes and sevens: characterization of the symmetry mismatch of the ClpAP chaperone-assisted protease. J. Struct. Biol., 123, 248-259.
Belnap, D. M., Olson, N. H., and Baker, T. S. (1997). A method for establishing the handedness of biological macromolecules. J. Struct. Biol. 120, 44-51.
Belnap, D. M., Olson, N. H., Cladel, N. M., Newcomb, W. W., Brown, J. C., Kreider, J. W., Christensen, N. D., and Baker, T. S. (1996). Conserved features in papillomavirus and polyomavirus capsids. J. Mol.
Biol. 259, 249-263.
Biol. 259, 249-263.
Belnap, D. M., Grochulski, W. D., Olson, N. H., and Baker, T. S. (1993). Use of radial density plots to calibrate image magnification for frozen-hydrated specimens. Ultramicroscopy, 48, 347-358.